乐生活Triakis semifasciata
The largest body length is 1.98M (with an unconfirmed record of 2.1M, a maximum body weight of 18.4Kg, and the third largest wrinkled-lipped shark in existence, only distributed in the coastal area of the East Pacific Ocean. It is a typical benthic fish in the middle and lower layers. It inhabits the coastal waters with a depth of about 20M, such as sandy seabed and giant algae clump. It has a maximum habitat depth of 91M and sometimes forms large groups, even with California star shark, Brown star shark, and giant algae clump. According to the records of Squad and California Mandarin Mandarin Mandarin, the larvae of Squad shark mainly feed on benthic invertebrates, while adults mainly feed on fish, even on small sharks. They are typical viviparous fish. During 10-12 months of gestation, females often choose to give birth in offshore shallows with water depths less than 1M, with 4-37 juveniles per fetus reaching sexual maturity (females) at the age of about 7-15 years. Individuals are older than males in sexual maturity. Their life span is about 30 years. They are also commonly known as "Leopard Shark" because of their markings. This species is often reared as ornamental fish, easy to breed in artificial environment, gentle temperament, and does not pose a threat to human beings.
IUCN currently assesses it as LC. Half-lipped sharks are common food fish and fishing. Their commercial catch reached a peak of 45,953 kg in 1987. The main fishing areas are California and Western Mexico. However, due to their slow reproduction rate, half-lipped sharks are vulnerable to overfishing. They were listed in the Pacific Fisheries Management Commission of the United States in 1982.（ PMC) Benthic fish management plan, but in fact, it has not been strictly managed in accordance with the plan. In 1992, California imposed a minimum size of 91 cm for swimming half-lipped sharks, and no more than three sharks were allowed to fish each time. In 1993, the state also set a minimum fishing size limit of 46 cm, which is used as a minimum size limit for the export of ornamental fish. In addition, California’s restrictions on fishing gear provide better protection for this species. At present, the wild population of half-lipped shark is growing steadily at a rate of 3-6% per year.
